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Learning Intentions
You can identify how conductivity and solubility relates to bond type.
You can use electronegativity to predict type of bond and therefore conductivity and solubility in water based on the bond type.
You can set up Vernier testing equipment and the conductivity sensor to measure conductivity of substances.
Content Standards being covered:
*Student understands why bonding (intramolecular forces)
occurs between atoms, what types of bonds form when different elements interact,
how the bonds form and properties that arise as a result of the bond forming.
93. Electronegativity is the amount of attraction that an atom has to pull an
electron to itself, removing it from another atom and forming an anion (measured
in Pauling Units)
121. Ionic compounds have large differences between the electronegativities of
atoms >1.7
122. Covalent compounds (molecular compounds) have smaller (polar) <1.7 or no
differences (non polar) between electronegativities of atoms
123. Ionic compounds have high melting points, are usually soluble in water and
can conduct electricity as liquids.
124. Covalent compounds (molecules) do not conduct electricity, have lower
melting points and only polar covalent are soluble in water.
137. A polar molecule is a molecule where the atoms do not share the electrons
equally (they have a difference in electronegativity between 0.4 and 1.7) or the
molecule is unsymetrical and so create a slightly polar compound wherein one
element becomes slightly positive and the other slightly negative
138. Nonpolar molecules are formed when there is no difference in
electronegativity, < 0.4 or the overall compound is symmetrical
139. Polar molecules dissolve in water and conduct electricity slightly.
Nonpolar molecules do not do either
141. Polar liquids dissolve polar compounds but not nonpolar. Nonpolar liquids
dissolve nonpolar compounds but not polar. (like dissolves like)
142. Water is a polar covalent molecule and will dissolve polar molecules and
ionic compounds
145. Conductivity is the ability to allow energy in the form of electricity or
heat to move through the substance
Habits of Mind/Life skills being covered:
Posing Questions and Problem Solving
Making Connections with Past Knowledge
Striving for Accuracy
Journal Entry:
What questions do you have about the properties of bonds lab from yesterday? What substances have the highest solubility? What substances have the highest conductivity?